Horizontal Aorta in Transcatheter Self-Expanding Valves: Insights From the HORSE International Multicentre Registry.

[Figure: see text].

Zooplankton variability in the Strait of Georgia, Canada, and relationships with the marine survivals of Chinook and Coho salmon.

The Strait of Georgia, Canada, has complex interactions among natural and human pressures that confound understanding of changes in this system. We report on the interannual variability in biomass of 12 zooplankton taxonomic groups in the deep (bottom depths greater than 50 m) central and northern Strait of Georgia from 1996 to 2018, and their relationships with 10 physical variables. Total zooplankton biomass was dominated (76%) by large-sized crustaceans (euphausiids, large and medium size calanoid copepods, amphipods). The annual anomaly of total zooplankton biomass was highest in the late 1990s, lowest in the mid-2000s, and generally above its climatological (1996-2010) average after 2011, although many individual groups had different patterns. Two latent trends (derived from dynamic factor analyses) described the variability of annual biomass anomalies underlying all zooplankton groups: a U-shaped trend with its minimum in the mid-2000s, and a declining trend from 2001 to 2011. Two latent trends also described the physical variables. The variability represented by these four latent trends clustered into two periods: 1996-2006, with generally declining zooplankton biomass and increasing salinities, and 2007-2018, with increasing zooplankton biomass and decreasing salinities. ARIMA modelling showed sea surface salinity at Entrance Island in the middle Strait of Georgia, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and the peak date of the spring phytoplankton bloom were significantly related to the two latent zooplankton trends. ARIMA models comparing zooplankton and physical variables with the marine survivals of four salmon populations which enter the Strait as juveniles (Chinook: Cowichan River, Puntledge River, Harrison River; Coho: Big Qualicum River) all included zooplankton groups consistent with known salmon prey; prominent among the physical variables were sea surface salinity and variables representing the flow from the Fraser River. These regressions explained (adjR2) 38 to 85% of the annual variability in marine survival rates of these salmon populations over the study time period. Although sea temperature was important in some relationships between zooplankton biomass and salmon marine survival, salinity was a more frequent and more important variable, consistent with its influence on the hydrodynamics of the Strait of Georgia system.

Modeling population responses of Chinook and coho salmon to suspended sediment using a life history approach.

This study develops a quantitative framework for estimating the effects of extreme suspended-sediment events (SSC>25 mg L(-1)) on virtual populations of Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and coho (O. kisutch) salmon in a coastal watershed of British Columbia, Canada. We used a life history model coupled with a dose-response model to evaluate the populations' responses to a set of simulated suspended sediments scenarios. Our results indicate that a linear increase in SSC produces non-linear declining trajectories in both Chinook and coho populations, but this decline was more evident for Chinook salmon despite their shorter fresh-water residence. The model presented here can provide insights into SSC impacts on population responses of salmonids and potentially assist resource managers when planning conservation or remediation strategies.

La Formación de los profesionales de la salud mental en España / The training of mental health professionals in Spain

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Análisis del estado actual de la reforma psiquiátrica: debilidades y fortalezas. Amenazas y oportunidades / An analisis of the current state of psychiatric reform: weakness and strengths. Treaths and opportunities

El cambio producido en el sector de la salud mental en los últimos 20 años ha sido extraordinario. La primera legislatura socialista, con Ernest Lluch al frente del Ministerio de Sanidad y haciéndose eco de un sentimiento generalizado entre amplios grupos de profesionales, estableció las condiciones para el cambio de la salud mental en España: el Informe de la Comisión Ministerial para la Reforma Psiquiátrica (1985) y la Ley General de Sanidad (1986), que promovió la universalización del derecho a la protección de la salud. Unos años después, el llamado Informe Abril (1991) se hizo eco de una nueva sensibilidad por introducir, no sin dificultades, un mayor rigor en la organización y gestión del sistema público de salud, lo que sería objeto de una relectura interesada y de corte conservadora por parte del primer gobierno del Partido Popular a través de la creación de la Subcomisión Parlamentaria para la consolidación y modernización del sistema sanitario (1997). Sus efectos en goteo sobre nuestro sector delatan un progresivo estancamiento tanto en el desarrollo de servicios asistenciales como en la propia discusión intelectual sobre las nuevas necesidades y demandas ciudadanas. Es necesario reavivar el debate sobre la problemática actual de las políticas de salud mental y sus nuevas posibilidades en el marco de los cambios económicos y sociales habidos en estos últimos años. Para ello se ha seguido un análisis de corte funcionalista basado en las técnicas utilizadas en el ámbito empresarial para desarrollar análisis estratégicos previos a la introducción de cambios en la gestión de dichas organizaciones. (AU)